Passage Research
Lamentations 4 — Sermon Preparation
The gold of Zion has grown dim; once-honored nobles are compared to jackals, and the city's fall is attributed to the sins of prophets and priests. Below is a research summary for Lamentations 4, drawn from openly licensed scholarly databases — original-language morphology, classic sermons from the church fathers through the Puritans, and ancient geography data.
- 22
- verses
- 259 / 179
- Hebrew words / lemmas
- 24
- classic sermon excerpts
- 4
- preachers & commentators
Lamentations 4 in the Hebrew
Distinctive vocabulary of this chapter, based on original-language morphology.
| Hebrew | Transliteration | Strong's | Count | Glosses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| בַּת | bath | H1323 | 6 | daughter |
| חוּץ | chûwts | H2351 | 4 | separate by a wall, outside |
| עָוֺן | ʻâvôn | H5771 | 4 | perversity, evil |
| שָׁפַךְ | shâphak | H8210 | 3 | spill forth, expend |
| צִיּוֹן | Tsîyôwn | H6726 | 3 | Tsijon, capital |
| יָסַף | yâçaph | H3254 | 3 | add, augment |
| חַטָּאָה | chaṭṭâʼâh | H2403 | 3 | offence, penalty |
How preachers through history handled this text
24 public-domain excerpts on Lamentations 4, from the church fathers to the Puritans.
“22. The punishment of thine iniquity is accomplished, O daughter of Zion; he will no more carry thee away into captivity: he will visit thine iniquity, O daughter of Edom; he will discover thy sins. 22. Completa est iniquitas tua, filia Sion; non adjiciet ad te in exilium trahendam; visitavit iniquitatem filiae Edom, et discooperuit super peccatum tuum (hoc est, nudavit peccatum tuum.) This verse, in my judgment, is incorrectly explained; …”
— Calvin, Commentary on Jeremiah and Lamentations - Volume 5, on Lamentations 4:22–30 (Public Domain)
Places in the text
Based on ancient-geography data
- Zion— Lam 4:11
- Jerusalem— Lam 4:12
- Edom— Lam 4:21
- Uz— Lam 4:21
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